Learning Adventures
Volume Three
From Sea to Shining Sea
Over the Mountains
Battling on Land and Sea
Across the Nation
In the South
Deep in the Heart of Texas
Growing Tensions
Into the Midwest
Across the Plains
Along the Trail
Required Lit. W&O
Scope & Seq. W&O

Scope and Sequence of Subjects, Skills, Concepts,
and Activities for WESTWARD AND ONWARD

BIBLE AND CHARACTER TRAINING
Bible stories, themes, passages, life application of Scriptures, Bible memorization, Bible activities, character training, pathways of Jesus through the gospel accounts of His life and ministry, sacrificial death, resurrection, and ascension; choices and obedience; parables, miracles, and messages of Jesus, Great Commission

LANGUAGE ARTS
Literature:
Reading and discussion of literature, comprehension and appreciation; literary terms, concepts, and devices; oral and written narration of literature, elements of literature, world legend and mythology, literature awards, parts of a book, figurative language and literary techniques, imagery, context, protagonist, antagonist, symbolism, point of view, analogy, themes, conflict, irony, satire; interpreting, extending, and applying literature through hands-on activities, types of literature, fiction, non-fiction, poetry, prose, historical biographies; poetry analyzing, interpretation, understanding, appreciation, and memorization; American and world authors and literature, writers and their works, American folklore and tall tales, riddles, forming opinions and predicting outcomes, evaluating characters and situations, author spotlights, author's style, examining historical perspective, using supporting evidence from literature, comparing and contrasting, paraphrasing, literature summaries and reviews, colloquialism, dialects and world languages; connecting literature to geography and history, Romantic Era in literature, Tall Tales Tournament

Vocabulary and Spelling: Vocabulary and spelling words from literature and content areas, defining and spelling words in context, Latin and Greek roots, suffixes, and prefixes; spelling rules and applicable spelling words, commonly misspelled words, recognizing and correcting misspelled words, noting spelling error patterns, written and tactile spelling exercises, tests, games, and extension activities, homonyms, homophones, homographs, using spelling words in sentences, syllabication, spelling words with dictionary and almanac skills

Writing: Writing lists on a theme, focusing on strong words, sentence building, types and parts of paragraph, expository writing, acrostic poetry, three-word-form poetry, informal notes, book reports, oral reports, paraphrasing, research and notetaking, organizing notes for writing, narrative writing, summaries, descriptive writing, friendly and business letter formats, writing figurative language and imagery, cinquains, quatrains, list poetry, writing questions and answers for informational projects, using alliteration, supporting statements, three-point paragraph, topic sentence, free verse, word pictures, "My Heart Sings . . . " writing project, Tall Tales Writing Project, pre-writing activities, storytelling, writing informational points, transition words and phrases, interviews, venn diagrams for comparison and contrast writing, journaling, writing a play, dialogue, narrator, persuasive writing, report writing, choosing and narrowing subject, outlines, bibliography, review/personal reaction writing, poetry writing, elements of poetry, creative writing, news writing, travel articles, onomatopoeia poetry, writing instructions

Language/Grammar: Antonyms, synonyms, punctuation, capitalization, sentence structure, types of sentences, editing practice – correcting spelling, grammar, capitalization and punctuation errors in passages, speech and drama, subjects (singular, plural, simple, complete, compound), predicates (simple, complete, compound), nouns (singular, plural, compound, proper, common, abstract, concrete, collective, possessive), pronouns (singular, plural, possessive; first, second, and third-person pronouns; personal, indefinite, reflexive, intensive, interrogative, demonstrative, relative, compound personal, subject, object), verbs (action, linking, helping, verb tenses, verb phrases, singular and plural verbs, transitive and intransitive, regular and irregular, verbals - gerunds, participles, infinitives), adjectives (proper, positive, comparative, superlative, articles), prepositions (prepositional phrases, objects of prepositions), coordinating conjunctions, adverbs, double comparisons and negatives, interjections, irregular comparisons, plurals, contractions, modifiers, direct and indirect objects, complements, predicate nominatives, antecedents, acronyms, abbreviations, standard and nonstandard English, dialect, jargon, slang, literal and figurative language, idioms, hyperbole, fragments, phrases, clauses (independent, dependent), run-on sentences, compound and polysyllabic words, inverted order, pronouns in the predicate, pronoun cases (nominative, objective, possessive); pronouns functioning as adjectives, principal parts of verbs (present, present participle, past, past participle), palindromes, subject-verb agreement, grammar games, grammar art

Research and Study Skills: Dictionary, encyclopedia, thesaurus, atlas, almanac, library awareness and skills, Dewey Decimal System, arrangement of library books, call numbers, using the index and table of contents, life and work of Noah Webster, phone book skills, skimming and scanning skills, gathering, evaluating, interpreting


SOCIAL STUDIES
Terms, Concepts, and Activities: World and State Notebook Projects; history, geography, natural resources, climate, government, political systems, economics, people and places, culture, customs, religion, native peoples, recreation, holidays and festivals, technology, trade, and industry of the American territories and regions in the early 1800's, France, United Kingdom and Ireland, Mexico, Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Denmark [and Greenland], Iceland, Finland), China, and Ohio, Kentucky, Vermont, Maine, Louisiana, Michigan, Tennessee, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, Texas, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota, California, Oregon, and Washington, D.C; explorers, traders, trappers, trailblazers, and settlers of America, historical time line, settlements, tasting foods of early 1800's America and specialty foods and celebrations of states and countries, experiencing pioneer and Native American crafts, games, and activities, Indian removal, slavery in America, Underground Railroad, battles and wars (including the War of 1812, Seminole War, Texas Revolution, and Mexican-American War), interpreting graphs and maps, Industrial Revolution, transportation and communication, inventions and progress, historical leaders, Lewis and Clark and the Corps of Discovery, Immigration and Westward Movement, trails, roads, and travelers; frontier towns, New England whaling and shipping industries, steamboats and river ports, early railroads, Erie Canal, telegraph, American regional history and culture, pre-Civil War events, abolitionists, Congressional acts, land acquisitions, California Gold Rush, Pony Express, Christian missionaries to China, map-making, map skills, elections, Native Americans Notebook (sections on Indians of Great Lakes, Midwest, Southeast, Pacific Coast, West Coast, South, Central American Cultures); Presidents Notebook (sections on Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, James Knox Polk, Zachary Taylor, Millard Fillmore, Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan), creating models of world structures, War of 1812 project, Unit Celebrations – River Fest, High Tea, Tex-Mex Fiesta, Gold Fever Party, Trails End Party, Slavery in America Project, Feathers Project of Native American History in America, Panning for Gold game, Trails westward (Natchez Trace, Santa Fe Trail, Oregon Trail, California Trail, Mormon Trail, and others), People and Places of the Westward Movement, Great Migration, Trails Westward Project, Quotation Quest
 

SCIENCE
Science and technology in early 19th century American history, countries and states studied; Terms, Concepts, Experiments, Activities, and Projects on the following topics:

Rivers – River systems, erosion, pollution, streams, drainage systems, American and world rivers, rivers game, canyons and waterfalls, flooding, river habitats, river wildlife, river transportation, harnessing water power

Mountains – Mountains of the world, mountains in history, types and formation, elevation, mountain ranges, weathering and erosion, interpreting charts/graphs, Mountains of the World Project, glaciers, mountain wildlife, mountain lifestyles and recreation, mountain conservation

Amphibians – Characteristics, features, examples, classification, frogs, toads, newts, salamanders, caecilians, lifestyles, stages, metamorphosis, body structures and systems, Amphibians Project, interpreting graphs, survival

The Ear and the Eye - Learning American Sign Language, communication, sound waves, Decibel Scale, parts and functions of ear and eye, Ear and Eye Projects, threshold distance, vision and hearing diseases, impairment, disorders, hearing and vision care and aids, Helen Keller, Alexander Graham Bell, Edward Gallaudet, Louis Braille

Water – Water for life, dehydration, water in history, dams, reserving water, irrigation, recreation, Water World project, filtering and treatment, properties and states, solvency, dispersion, buoyancy, displacement, distillation, Hydrologic Cycle, evaporation, condensation, precipitation, collection, chemical makeup, boiling and freezing points, cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, gravity, absorption, pressure, hard and soft water, chemical reactions in water, refraction

Reptiles – Orders and families, structure, characteristics, cold-blooded, molting, sloughing, scales, prey and predators, Charles Darwin's life and theories, theory of uniformity, evolutionary theory, natural selection, gradualism, survival of the fittest, missing links, snakes, lizards, turtles, tortoises, terrapins, alligators, crocodiles, dinosaurs, paleontology, fossil record, Creation Science vs. Evolutionary Theory, reproduction and egg-laying, Reptile Hall of Fame Project

Brain and Nervous System – Functions and components, brain parts and functions, spinal cord, nerves, central and peripheral nervous systems, neurons, reflexes, brain and spinal injuries and disorders, tests to diagnose brain function and disorders, senses, memory, mental illness, medical careers in nervous system treatment

Forest Biomes – Temperate, boreal (taiga), and tropical rainforests; characteristics and features, communities, benefits, wildlife, glacial activity, locations, climate, permafrost, precipitation, forest layers, Forest Biomes project, soil, root systems, perennials, coniferous and deciduous trees, abscission, mutualism, species diversity, migration, dormancy, hibernation, food web, primary producers, photosynthesis, primary, secondary, and tertiary consumers; decomposers, forest fires, pollution and forest threats, conservation, nature notebooks, dendrology, parts and functions of trees, types and parts of leaves – arrangement, shape, margin, tip, base, venation, tree life cycle, fold-out tree project, threats and tree diseases, forestry careers, planting a tree

Pre-Chemistry – Chemistry in history and in our world, matter, atoms, molecules, compounds, Industrial Revolution and Applied Science, elements, solids, liquids, gases, homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures, solutions, melting point, cohesion, compression, plasma, alloys, suspension, emulsion, colloid, chemists and their tools, nucleus, protons, neutrons, subatomic particles, electrons, charges, quark, neutrinos, Periodic Table of Elements, applications, arrangement, symbols, atomic number and mass, groups, periods, orbitals, families, Periodic Table of Elements project, properties, characteristics, and uses of elements; isotope, chemical bonds, ions, ionic and covalent bonds, chemical reactions, oxidation, antioxidants, reduction, catalyst, enzymes, acids, bases, alkalis, pH Scale, radioactivity, nuclear fission and power, nuclear fusion

Health and Nutrition – Physical, mental, emotional, and social health; nutrition, nutrients, tracking personal eating and water drinking habits, carbohydrates, glucose, insulin, protein, amino acids, fats (saturated, unsaturated, trans, polyunsaturated, monounsaturated), cholesterol, vitamins, enzymes, vitamin deficiency diseases, Vitamin Power Project, minerals, Mighty Minerals Project, calories, recommended daily allowances, physical activity, obesity, nutritionists and dietitians, New Food Pyramid – Steps to a Healthier You, Food Pyramid Project, charting physical activity, cardiovascular, aerobic, flexibility, strength, creating exercise routine, setting physical fitness goals, sleep stages, hygiene, germs, history of Dental Health, teeth-cleaning, parts and types of teeth, gums, plaque, tartar, cavity formation, gingivitis, Chompers Project, tooth eruption, oral health, careers in dentistry
 

FINE ARTS
Music and Art Terms and Concepts; Music, composers, art, artists, and architecture of early 19th century America, France, United Kingdom and Ireland, Mexico, Scandinavia, and China; art and music techniques and materials, composer spotlights and works of Hector Berlioz, Georges Bizet, Ludwig van Beethoven, Nicolo Paganini, Gioacchino Antonio Rossini, Edvard Grieg, Carl Nielsen, Jean Sibelius, Carl Maria Von Weber, Franz Schubert, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, and Stephen Foster; artist spotlights and works of C.M. Russell, Jacques-Louis David, Eugène Delacroix, Jean François Millet, Francisco de Goya, William Blake, French Impressionism, Pierre August Renoir, Claude Monet, Paul Gauguin, Auguste Rodin; George Caleb Bingham, George Catlin, Thomas Cole, Frank Lloyd Wright, Grant Wood, John James Audubon, Frederic Remington, Karl Bodmer; Native American art and music, crafts on unit themes, tone poems, mazurka, polonaise, rhapsody, program music, counterpoint, nature drawing, drawing on a theme, perspective, illustrators and illustrations, creating state and country maps; regional American music and instruments, influences and history of Jazz, Rhythm and Blues, Swing, Zydeco music, Country music, American folk and patriotic songs, sea chanteys, spirituals, craftsmen, interpreting music through art, making models of world monuments and structures, pantomiming, clay projects, Neoclassical and Romantic Period in art and music, Luminism, Realism, observing and appreciating art, colors and designs, making decorations for unit celebrations, symbols in art, country flags, "Schools" of art, designing advertisements; illustrating poetry and prose, art projects based on styles and artists' techniques, creating faux leather cover for nature journal, historic sculptures, face painting, designing campaign buttons, knot-tying/ macramé, bubble art, Sacred Harp Music, scales design, plane tessellation project, pulled string designs, Ojo de Dios project, piñata project, papel picado, paint blowing art, quilt project, patchwork poster, Indian branch weaving project, stenciling, texture collage, white-washed fence trivet, edible log cabin, pine-branch painting, melted crayon project, ice sculpture and painting, rosemaling project, leaf prints and rubbings, LEGO mini-village project, tree product art, thumbprint tree art, splatter painting, graph paper design, painting projects, rice mosaic, Chinese wall hanging, toothbrush painting

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